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Astronomy

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APA Style, 7th Edition

Citation Examples
Material Type In-text Citation Bibliography
A book (Sapolsky, 2017)

Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst. Penguin Books.

Chapter in an edited book

(If the chapter is from an authored book, use the book citation)

(Dillard, 2020)

Dillard, J. P. (2020). Currents in the study of persuasion. In M. B. Oliver, A. A. Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (4th ed., pp. 115–129). Routledge.

An article in a print journal (Weinstein, 2009)

Weinstein, J. (2009). “The market in Plato’s Republic.” Classical Philology104(4), 439-458. 

An article in an electronic journal (Grady et al., 2019)

Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States. Psychology of Popular Media Culture8(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000185

A website (Bologna, 2019)

Bologna, C. (2019, October 31). Why some people with anxiety love watching horror movies. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/anxiety-love-watching-horror-movies_l_5d277587e4b02a5a5d57b59e

These examples came from the Reference Examples page on the APA website or with permission from the University Library System, University of Pittsburgh.

 
APA 7th Edition Citation Guides

 

Citation Tools
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote Basic — You must create a free account to use this tool. It will allow you to save a reference list and generate a formatted bibliography.
  • Noodle Tools Express — Particularly useful in creating annotated bibliographies.

Video Tutorial: A Guide to Citing Sources

MLA Style, 9th Edition

Creating a Works Cited Page

With MLA style, you must include a Works Cited page at the end of your paper. A Works Cited page is an alphabetical listing of the resources cited in your paper. Below are some examples of MLA style citations. Note: Some instructors may require access dates for websites or other pieces of information. Please check with your instructor if you have any questions.

Material Type Works Cited
A book in print

Card, Claudia. The Atrocity Paradigm: A Theory of Evil. Oxford UP, 2005.

eBook

Gaither, Milton. Homeschool: An American History. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. SpringerLink, doi-org.pitt.idm.oclc.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95056-0

An article in a print journal

Doggart, Julia. "Minding the Gap: Realizing Our Ideal Community Writing Assistance Program." The Community Literacy Journal, vol. 2, no. 1, 2007, pp. 71-80. 

An article in an electronic journal

Sherrard-Johnson, Cherene. "'A Plea for Color': Nella Larsen's Iconography of the Mulatta." American Literature, vol. 76, no. 4, 2004, pp. 833-869, doi: 10.1215/00029831-76-4-833.

An encyclopedia entry

“Patanjali.” Benét’s Reader’s Encyclopedia, edited by Bruce Murphy, 4th ed., HarperCollins Publishers, 1996, p. 782.

A government publication

United States, Federal Maritime Commission. Hawaiian Trade Study: An Economic Analysis. Government Printing Office, 1978. 

An interview you conducted Brandt, Deborah. Personal interview. 28 May 2008.

(Note: List the interview under the name of the interviewee)
A film or DVD Note: This depends on the focus of your work. Please see the MLA Style blog for a  detailed explanation.
A page on a website with no author

"Stunning Lakeside View on Lake Erie." VisitPA, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 7 June 2018, www.visitpa.com/article/stunning-lakeside-views-lake-erie.

A page on a website with an author

Del Castillo, Inigo. "How Not to Kill Your Houseplants, According to Botanists." Apartment Therapy, 29 Jan. 2020, www.apartmenttherapy.com/houseplant-tips-botanists-36710191.

Artwork accessed from a website

Sherald, Amy. Former First Lady, Michelle Obama. 2018. National Portrait Gallery, npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.2018.15.

In-Text Citations
Material Type In-Text Citation
Author's name in text Magny develops this argument (67-69).
Author's name in reference This argument has been developed elsewhere (Magny 67-69).
Two authors' names in reference The most notorious foreign lobby in Washington is the "Sugar Mafia" (Howe and Trott 134).
Quotation found in indirect or "secondhand" source The philosopher Alain states that "admiration is not pleasure but a kind of attention. . ." (qtd. in Magny 66).

These examples provided with permission from the University Library System, University of Pittsburgh.

 
MLA 9th Edition Citation Guides

 

Citation Tools
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote Basic — You must create a free account to use this tool. It will allow you to save a reference list and generate a formatted bibliography.
  • Noodle Tools Express — Particularly useful in creating annotated bibliographies.